Reference data
Wood species database
Grounded properties for 117 woods and panels, the material constants behind the shelf-sag, wood-weight and movement calculators. Drawn from the USDA Forest Products Laboratory Wood Handbook, The Wood Database, and panel specifications. Click a heading to sort, or click any wood for its full property sheet - hardness, stiffness, density per board foot, movement, working notes and sources.
| Wood / material | Type | Janka (lbf) | MOE (psi) | Density (lb/ft³) | Movement CT/CR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| African Blackwood | hardwood | 3,670 | 2,603,000 | 79 | — |
| African Mahogany | hardwood | 850 | 1,410,000 | 34 | — |
| African Padauk | hardwood | 1,710 | 1,895,000 | 47 | — |
| Afrormosia | hardwood | 1,570 | 1,715,000 | 45 | — |
| Alaska Yellow Cedar | softwood | 580 | 1,420,000 | 31 | — |
| American Basswood | hardwood | 410 | 1,460,000 | 26 | — |
| American Beech | hardwood | 1,300 | 1,720,000 | 45 | 0.00431 / 0.00190 |
| American Elm | hardwood | 830 | 1,340,000 | 35 | — |
| American Holly | hardwood | 1,020 | 1,110,000 | 40 | — |
| American Hornbeam | hardwood | 1,780 | 1,693,000 | 49 | — |
| American Sycamore | hardwood | 770 | 1,420,000 | 34 | — |
| Anigre | hardwood | 990 | 1,588,000 | 34 | — |
| Bald Cypress | softwood | 510 | 1,440,000 | 32 | 0.00216 / 0.00130 |
| Balsam Fir | softwood | 400 | 1,387,000 | 25 | — |
| Bigleaf Maple | hardwood | 850 | 1,450,000 | 34 | — |
| Bigtooth Aspen | hardwood | 420 | 1,430,000 | 27 | — |
| Black Ash | hardwood | 850 | 1,600,000 | 34 | — |
| Black Cherry | hardwood | 950 | 1,490,000 | 35 | 0.00248 / 0.00126 |
| Black Locust | hardwood | 1,700 | 2,050,000 | 48 | — |
| Black Tupelo | hardwood | 800 | 1,188,000 | 34 | — |
| Black Walnut | hardwood | 1,010 | 1,680,000 | 38 | 0.00274 / 0.00190 |
| Black Willow | hardwood | 430 | 1,010,000 | 26 | — |
| Bloodwood | hardwood | 2,900 | 3,013,000 | 66 | — |
| Bocote | hardwood | 2,010 | 1,767,000 | 53 | — |
| Bubinga | hardwood | 2,410 | 2,670,000 | 56 | — |
| Bur Oak | hardwood | 1,360 | 1,040,000 | 45 | — |
| Butternut | hardwood | 490 | 1,180,000 | 27 | — |
| Canarywood | hardwood | 1,520 | 2,164,000 | 52 | — |
| Chestnut Oak | hardwood | 1,130 | 1,590,000 | 47 | — |
| Cocobolo | hardwood | 2,960 | 2,712,000 | 69 | — |
| Cumaru | hardwood | 3,330 | 3,237,000 | 68 | — |
| Douglas-Fir | softwood | 620 | 1,765,000 | 32 | 0.00267 / 0.00165 |
| East Indian Rosewood | hardwood | 2,350 | 1,783,000 | 54 | — |
| Eastern Cottonwood | hardwood | 430 | 1,370,000 | 28 | — |
| Eastern Hemlock | softwood | 500 | 1,200,000 | 28 | — |
| Eastern Redcedar | softwood | 900 | 880,000 | 33 | 0.00162 / 0.00106 |
| Eastern White Pine | softwood | 380 | 1,240,000 | 25 | 0.00212 / 0.00071 |
| Engelmann Spruce | softwood | 390 | 1,369,000 | 24 | — |
| European Beech | hardwood | 1,450 | 2,075,000 | 44 | — |
| European Hornbeam | hardwood | 1,630 | 1,755,000 | 46 | — |
| Gaboon Ebony | hardwood | 3,080 | 2,449,000 | 60 | — |
| Garapa | hardwood | 1,650 | 2,257,000 | 51 | — |
| Goncalo Alves | hardwood | 2,170 | 2,401,000 | 57 | — |
| Hackberry | hardwood | 880 | 1,190,000 | 37 | — |
| Hard Maple | hardwood | 1,450 | 1,830,000 | 44 | 0.00353 / 0.00165 |
| Honduran Mahogany | hardwood | 900 | 1,458,000 | 37 | — |
| Honey Locust | hardwood | 1,580 | 1,630,000 | 47 | — |
| Imbuia | hardwood | 970 | 1,394,000 | 41 | — |
| Incense Cedar | softwood | 470 | 1,040,000 | 24 | — |
| Ipe | hardwood | 3,490 | 3,089,000 | 66 | — |
| Iroko | hardwood | 1,190 | 1,580,000 | 41 | — |
| Jack Pine | softwood | 570 | 1,350,000 | 31 | — |
| Jatoba | hardwood | 2,690 | 2,745,000 | 57 | — |
| Koa | hardwood | 1,170 | 1,503,000 | 38 | — |
| Leopardwood | hardwood | 2,150 | 2,887,000 | 56 | — |
| Lignum Vitae | hardwood | 4,390 | 2,481,000 | 79 | — |
| Live Oak | hardwood | 2,680 | 1,960,000 | 62 | — |
| Loblolly Pine | softwood | 690 | 1,790,000 | 36 | 0.00263 / 0.00176 |
| Lodgepole Pine | softwood | 480 | 1,340,000 | 29 | 0.00234 / 0.00148 |
| Longleaf Pine | softwood | 870 | 1,980,000 | 41 | — |
| Lyptus | hardwood | 1,420 | 2,049,000 | 53 | — |
| Makore | hardwood | 1,200 | 1,552,000 | 43 | — |
| Massaranduba | hardwood | 3,130 | 3,344,000 | 67 | — |
| Monkeypod | hardwood | 900 | 1,149,000 | 37 | — |
| Noble Fir | softwood | 410 | 1,619,000 | 26 | — |
| Northern Catalpa | hardwood | 550 | 1,210,000 | 29 | — |
| Olivewood | hardwood | 2,710 | 1,797,000 | 61 | — |
| Oregon Ash | hardwood | 1,160 | 1,360,000 | 38 | — |
| Osage Orange | hardwood | 2,620 | 1,689,000 | 54 | — |
| Paper Birch | hardwood | 910 | 1,590,000 | 38 | — |
| Pau Ferro | hardwood | 1,960 | 1,574,000 | 54 | — |
| Pecan | hardwood | 1,820 | 1,730,000 | 46 | — |
| Persimmon | hardwood | 2,300 | 2,010,000 | 52 | — |
| Pin Oak | hardwood | 1,500 | 1,713,000 | 44 | — |
| Pink Ivory | hardwood | 3,230 | 2,193,000 | 65 | — |
| Ponderosa Pine | softwood | 460 | 1,290,000 | 28 | — |
| Port Orford Cedar | softwood | 590 | 1,646,000 | 29 | — |
| Purpleheart | hardwood | 2,520 | 2,937,000 | 56 | — |
| Quaking Aspen | hardwood | 350 | 1,180,000 | 26 | — |
| Red Alder | hardwood | 590 | 1,380,000 | 28 | 0.00256 / 0.00151 |
| Red Elm | hardwood | 860 | 1,490,000 | 37 | — |
| Red Maple | hardwood | 950 | 1,640,000 | 38 | 0.00289 / 0.00137 |
| Red Oak | hardwood | 1,220 | 1,761,000 | 44 | 0.00369 / 0.00158 |
| Red Pine | softwood | 560 | 1,630,000 | 34 | — |
| Red Spruce | softwood | 490 | 1,560,000 | 27 | — |
| Redwood | softwood | 450 | 1,220,000 | 26 | 0.00229 / 0.00101 |
| Santos Mahogany | hardwood | 2,400 | 2,380,000 | 57 | — |
| Sapele | hardwood | 1,360 | 1,790,000 | 42 | — |
| Sassafras | hardwood | 630 | 1,120,000 | 31 | — |
| Shagbark Hickory | hardwood | 1,880 | 2,160,000 | 50 | 0.00411 / 0.00259 |
| Shortleaf Pine | softwood | 690 | 1,750,000 | 36 | — |
| Silver Maple | hardwood | 700 | 1,140,000 | 33 | 0.00252 / 0.00102 |
| Sitka Spruce | softwood | 510 | 1,600,000 | 26 | 0.00263 / 0.00148 |
| Spanish Cedar | hardwood | 600 | 1,323,000 | 29 | — |
| Sugar Pine | softwood | 380 | 1,190,000 | 25 | 0.00194 / 0.00099 |
| Swamp White Oak | hardwood | 1,600 | 2,029,000 | 48 | — |
| Sweet Chestnut | hardwood | 680 | 1,248,000 | 37 | — |
| Sweetgum | hardwood | 850 | 1,640,000 | 34 | — |
| Tamarack | softwood | 590 | 1,640,000 | 37 | — |
| Teak | hardwood | 1,070 | 1,781,000 | 41 | — |
| Wenge | hardwood | 1,930 | 2,548,000 | 54 | — |
| Western Larch | softwood | 830 | 1,870,000 | 36 | — |
| Western Redcedar | softwood | 350 | 1,110,000 | 23 | — |
| White Ash | hardwood | 1,320 | 1,740,000 | 42 | 0.00274 / 0.00169 |
| White Fir | softwood | 480 | 1,485,000 | 26 | — |
| White Oak | hardwood | 1,350 | 1,762,000 | 47 | 0.00365 / 0.00180 |
| White Spruce | softwood | 480 | 1,315,000 | 27 | 0.00274 / 0.00130 |
| Willow Oak | hardwood | 1,460 | 1,804,000 | 48 | — |
| Yellow Birch | hardwood | 1,260 | 2,010,000 | 43 | 0.00338 / 0.00256 |
| Yellow Poplar | hardwood | 540 | 1,580,000 | 29 | 0.00289 / 0.00158 |
| Yellowheart | hardwood | 1,790 | 2,413,000 | 52 | — |
| Zebrawood | hardwood | 1,830 | 2,374,000 | 51 | — |
| Ziricote | hardwood | 1,970 | 1,585,000 | 51 | — |
| Birch Plywood | sheet-good | — | 1,450,000 | 42 | — |
| MDF | sheet-good | — | 350,000 | 47 | — |
| Melamine | sheet-good | — | 250,000 | 44 | — |
| Particleboard | sheet-good | — | 320,000 | 44 | — |
MOE is stiffness (modulus of elasticity) at about 12% moisture content. Density is estimated as specific gravity x 62.4 lb/ft³. CT/CR are tangential/radial movement coefficients; sheet goods and species not in the published movement table show a dash.